TRIATHLON

The history of the emergence and development of triathlon

The history of triathlon dates back to France, in 1920, competitions were held there, reminiscent of the modern triathlon. They were called "Les Trois Sports" and consisted of competitions in running for 3 km, cycling for 12 km and crossing the Marne canal by swimming. Athletes overcame all 3 stages without interruption. The date of the emergence of modern triathlon is considered to be September 25, 1974.

In September 2021, the world triathlon will celebrate its 47th anniversary. According to World Triathlon, the first officially registered triathlon start took place in San Diego, California on September 24, 1974. Triathlon was born as one of the activities of the San Diego Track Club. The race, which took place in Mission Bay, consisted of a 9.65-kilometer race, followed by an 8.04-kilometer cycle race and a 457-meter swim. A total of 46 athletes finished. During this time, the triathlon has grown into a huge network of competitions, including the Olympic Games, Ironman and hundreds of other races around the world.

Triathlon (triathlon) is an Olympic sport, the essence of which is the sequential passage of three stages, each of which is a separate sport (swimming, cycling, running).

The first classical triathlon competitions were held in 1977, and the first European competitions were held in 1981 in Czechoslovakia. During these years, the triathlon gained momentum very quickly and in 1989 the Federation of the International Triathlon Union was organized, the main goal of which was to include triathlon in the Olympic program. In the same year, the first triathlon world championship was held. Today, many triathlon competitions are held around the world at various distances. The standard Olympic distance includes 1500m swimming, 40km cycling and 10km running, and was developed by Jim Curl in the mid-1980s. The triathlon was included in the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney.

Triathlon rules and stages

Triathlon competitions always start with swimming. Usually the swim takes place along a triangular route (the marking of the route is carried out using buoys and cables). Any shortening of the track by athletes is punishable up to disqualification. During the swim, athletes can use any swimming style. The equipment at this stage is a special wetsuit for open water.

The next stage of the triathlon is a bicycle race. After getting out of the water, athletes change clothes in a special transit area and get on their bicycles. Athletes must wear a helmet, which can only be removed after the bike is installed on a special ramp or a designated place for this.

After the end of the cycling race, the athletes move on to the running stage.

Athletes are prohibited from interfering with each other, for violation of this rule the athlete may be given a yellow card, and for a repeated violation, disqualification.

Triathlon uniforms, equipment and clothing

• Swimming trunks or swimming suit (up to 5 mm thick). The wetsuit is matched to the water temperature. Swimming caps from the numbers are issued by the organizers.
• Road bike.
  
• Bike helmet.
• Sportswear for running and cycling (starter suit for triathlon). For best cycling performance, many athletes use cycling shoes along with clipless pedals and cycling goggles. The most important piece of running gear is the triathlon shoe. They should be perfect for long runs. In hot weather, a hat should be worn to protect from the sun.

TRIATHLON IN KAZAKHSTAN

In 2015, for the first time in Almaty, Almaty Triathlon was held - this is the first amateur triathlon championship in the history of Kazakhstani amateur sports, which was attended by both professionals and amateurs.

Separately, it is worth noting the role of the pupil of the Akmola school, Dmitry Hague, in the formation of the Kazakhstan triathlon. Dmitry Gaag is the first and so far the only world champion (1999) to play under the flag of Kazakhstan. He participated in two Olympic Games - in Sydney (2000, 4th place) and in Athens (2004, 25th place). Kazakhstan at the Sydney Olympics was not represented by the Hague alone, and Mikhail Kuznetsov, a pupil of the Shymkent triathlon school, also represented our country with him. Such athletes as Dmitry Smurnov, Daniil Sapunov, Pavel Artyushenko and Ekaterina Shatnaya also contributed to the formation of the Kazakh triathlon. The Kazakhstan Triathlon Federation held international competitions under the auspices of World Triathlon, Asia Triathlon, Ironman in Nur-Sultan, Almaty and Shymkent, almost all regions of the country were covered by republican triathlon events. New names have entered the international arena to defend the Kazakh flag: Ayan Beisenbayev (Akmola region) won the silver medal of the Asian Games in Palembang, Arina Shulgina (Kostanay region) won the bronze medal of the Asian Championship in Kenju (2018). At the same continental championship, Daryn Konysbaev (Nur-Sultan) won gold in the U23 category, Meirlan Iskakov (Akmola region) won bronze, and Almaty's Alexander Ten won first place in the U15 athletes category. At the last continental championship in Japanese Hatsukaichi, under strict restrictions dictated by the COVID-19 pandemic, Kazakhstani athletes entered the top 10. As of 2020, according to the annual World Triathlon National Federations' Survey, the Kazakhstan Triathlon Federation is in fourth place in the development of sports in Asia. The blue flag of the country and the names of Kazakhstani athletes are recognizable throughout the world triathlon. Our story continues at a new level and with new bright names.

The number of athletes involved in the triathlon department of the Republican State Enterprise "Center for Olympic Training" Nur-Sultan "11 athletes:  CMS - 9 Narmetov A., Amanzholova A., Abuseit A., Nurgaliev M., Zubtsov D., Amanzholov E., Gulturaeva Kh., Nurlan A., Kaldykhanova B .; MS - 1 Konysbaev D .; MSMK - 1 Bekmaganbetova N. 

1 senior coach Usipbekov N.